Troubleshooting

System lacks ca-certificates or gnupg2

Some Linux distributions don't come bundled with the ca-certificates and gnupg2 packages. If you use such a distribution, you'll need to install them with:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates gnupg2

This example is for Debian/Ubuntu and derivatives. Consult your distribution's documentation if you use another one.

apt-key is deprecated

Some Ubuntu and Debian users might run into an apt-key deprecation warning while adding k6's repository key to their system's keyring:

Warning: apt-key is deprecated. Manage keyring files in trusted.gpg.d instead (see apt-key(8))

To avoid this and be future-proof, users should delete the existing security@k6.io repository key on their system, and update their sources list accordingly.

# delete existing key
sudo apt-key del k6

# import the key the recommended way
sudo gpg --no-default-keyring --keyring /usr/share/keyrings/k6-archive-keyring.gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys C5AD17C747E3415A3642D57D77C6C491D6AC1D69

# update the repository
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/k6-archive-keyring.gpg] https://dl.k6.io/deb stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/k6.list
sudo apt-get update

Error importing k6's GPG key

The gpg command to import k6's package signing key might fail with:

gpg: keybox '/usr/share/keyrings/k6-archive-keyring.gpg' created
gpg: failed to create temporary file '/root/.gnupg/.#lk0x000055db689f2310.a86c4b090dc7.7': No such file or directory
gpg: connecting dirmngr at '/root/.gnupg/S.dirmngr' failed: No such file or directory
gpg: keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr

This happens if it's the first time that the user runs gpg , so the directory /root/.gnupg/ doesn't exist yet. To create the directory, run sudo gpg -k and try to import the key again.

Behind a firewall or proxy

Some users have reported that they can't download the key from Ubuntu's keyserver. When they run the gpg command, their firewalls or proxies block their requests to download. If this issue affects you, you can try this alternative:

curl -s https://dl.k6.io/key.gpg | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/k6-archive-keyring.gpg

Old rpm-based Linux distributions

Distributions like Amazon Linux 2 and CentOS before version 8 don't support the PGP V4 signature we use. You'll need to disable the verification when you install k6:

sudo yum install --nogpgcheck k6